Joss Whedon

Joss Whedon

Whedon at the 2010 San Diego Comic-Con.
Born Joseph Hill Whedon
June 23, 1964 (1964-06-23) (age 46)
New York City, United States
Occupation Screenwriter, director, executive producer, composer and actor
Religion None (atheist and secular humanist)
Spouse Kai Cole[1]
Children
  • Arden
  • Squire[2]

Joseph Hill "Joss" Whedon[3] (pronounced /ˈwiːdən/;[4] born June 23, 1964) is an American screenwriter, executive producer, director, occasional composer and actor, and founder of Mutant Enemy Productions. He is best known as the creator and showrunner of the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer (1997–2003), Angel (1999–2004), Firefly (2002) and Dollhouse (2009–2010). He is also notable for his work in film, comic books, and online media. Many of Whedon's projects, as well as Whedon himself, enjoy a cult status.

Contents

Early life

Whedon was born in New York City. He has been described as the world's first third-generation TV writer,[5] as he is the son of Tom Whedon, a successful screenwriter for The Electric Company in the 1970s and The Golden Girls in the 1980s, and the grandson of John Whedon, a writer for The Donna Reed Show in the 1950s.[6] His mother, Lee Stearns, was a high school teacher and novelist.[7] He is the younger brother of Samuel and Matthew Whedon and older brother of writers Jed Whedon and Zack Whedon.[8]

Whedon graduated from Wesleyan University in 1987. Before going to Wesleyan he spent two years at Winchester College in England. He attended Riverdale Country School in New York City where his mother taught History. (Sarah Michelle Gellar, star of Buffy the Vampire Slayer, also attended Riverdale Country School a number of years after Joss.) At a young age he was a prolific writer, loved Monty Python and showed great interest in acting. He was the lead role in an original production called 'Spaghetti Island' at Riverdale.

Career

Television work

Following a move to Los Angeles, Whedon secured his first writing job on the television series Roseanne. After working several years as a script doctor for films, he returned to television, where he created four TV shows.

Years after having his script for the movie Buffy the Vampire Slayer produced, Whedon revived the concept as a television series of the same name. Buffy the Vampire Slayer went on to become a critical and cult hit receiving an Emmy Award nomination for Outstanding Writing in a Drama Series in 2000. Buffy ran for five seasons on The WB Television Network before being relocated to the UPN Network for its final two seasons. Angel was a spin-off of Buffy the Vampire Slayer, featuring Buffy's vampire-with-a-soul ex-boyfriend as the title character. Debuting in September 1999 on the WB, Angel was broadcast following Buffy during its first two seasons. The WB canceled the show in February 2004 while it was in its fifth season.

In 2002, Fox canceled Firefly, after only 11 of 14 episodes were aired, many out of intended order. The original ninety-minute pilot ("Serenity") was aired last. After the cancellation, Whedon wrote the script for a Firefly movie, titled Serenity. In early 2004 Whedon announced that it had been greenlit by Universal Studios. It was widely released in the United States on September 30, 2005. In the DVD release, Whedon discusses how Serenity would not have been made if not for the dedication of the Browncoats, fans of the series.

In late 2007, Eliza Dushku, with whom Whedon worked on Buffy and Angel, met over lunch to discuss possible ideas for a series for her to star in and came up with an idea which excited both of them.[9] The show, Dollhouse, was announced by Fox in November 2008 to begin airing on February 13, 2009.[10] Dollhouse was canceled after two seasons due to low ratings.

Whedon is also noted for his directing work in television, which includes two 2007 episodes of The Office ("Business School" and "Branch Wars"[11]) as well as a 2010 episode of the musical series Glee ("Dream On") in which he reunited with his Dr. Horrible's Sing-Along Blog star Neil Patrick Harris.[12]

Although not an actor, he has made cameos in his own shows as well as others. He appeared as a newsreader in the Buffy season one episode, "I, Robot... You, Jane". During the second season of Angel, he made a cameo appearance as the character Numfar under heavy makeup, where his entire role was to perform comical dances in "Through the Looking Glass". In Firefly, Whedon appeared as a guest at a funeral in the final produced episode, "The Message". He made a brief appearance as an overbearing rental-car clerk in an episode of Veronica Mars, "Rat Saw God", in 2005; Whedon is a vocal fan of Veronica Mars. He voiced himself in two episodes of Seth Green's television series Robot Chicken titled "Rabbits on a Roller Coaster" in 2007 and "Help Me" in 2008.

Feature films and video

Whedon wrote or co-wrote several films, including Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Toy Story, Atlantis: The Lost Empire, Alien Resurrection and Titan A.E.. The song "My Lullaby" from The Lion King II: Simba's Pride was written by him and Seattle native Scott Warrender. He was nominated (along with six other writers) for an Academy Award for Toy Story's screenplay.

He also wrote uncredited drafts or rewrites of Speed, Waterworld, Twister and X-Men, although in interviews, Whedon disowned the latter three films. He claimed that he had a good script for Alien: Resurrection, which he felt was spoiled by its director Jean-Pierre Jeunet.[13] His Waterworld script was thrown out , and only two of his lines were kept in the final script of X-Men.[14] Even the Buffy movie bore little resemblance to his original screenplay.[15] According to Graham Yost, the credited writer of Speed, Whedon wrote most of its dialogue.

He wrote and directed 2005's Serenity, based on his television series Firefly. Serenity won the 2006 Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation, Long Form. Beginning in January 2006, fans (with Universal's blessing) began organizing worldwide charity screenings of Serenity[16] to benefit Equality Now, a human rights organization supported by Joss Whedon. Over $415,000 has been raised for Equality Now since 2006.[17] As of May 1, 2009, 42 cities were registered for CSTS 2009 in 4 Countries and 24 US States.[18]

Whedon wrote a horror film titled The Cabin in the Woods with Drew Goddard which is currently in production with MGM, with Goddard directing.[19]

In November 2008, Whedon guest starred in the premiere episode of The Write Environment, a direct to DVD series featuring in-depth, candid one-on-one interviews with some of TV's most prolific and well known series creator/writers.[20]

In April 2010 it was confirmed that Whedon will direct The Avengers, a live-action adaption of the Marvel Comics superhero team of the same name.[21]

Comic books

Whedon, a lifelong comic book fan, is the author of the Dark Horse Comics miniseries Fray which takes place in the far future of the Buffyverse. Whedon returned to the world of Fray during the Buffy the Vampire Slayer Season Eight arc, "Time of Your Life".[22]

Like many other authors from the Buffy TV show, he also contributed to the show's comic book version: he wrote three stories in the anthology Tales of the Slayers (including one featuring Melaka Fray from Fray) and also the main storyline of the five-issue miniseries Tales of the Vampires.

The three-issue miniseries Serenity: Those Left Behind, based on the Firefly series and leading up to the film Serenity, was released June through August 2005. Co-written with Brett Matthews and pencilled by Will Conrad, the first issue featured covers drawn by John Cassaday, J.G. Jones, and Bryan Hitch, as well as other artists for the second and third issues. The first two issues went to a second printing. The trade paperback featured a new cover by acclaimed painter Adam Hughes.

A second three-issue Serenity miniseries Serenity: Better Days, was released in March, April, and May 2008. "Better Days" reunites Whedon, Matthews, Conrad, and Adam Hughes, who will provide all three covers. The three covers form a larger panorama of the ship's crew. "Better Days" is set before "Those Left Behind", and features the full crew of Serenity. A trade paperback featuring a cover by Jo Chen was released in October 2008.

Whedon and others have mentioned that more Serenity comics are planned for the near future, and will be based in the Firefly continuation of the series, including one about Shepherd Book.[23][24][25] Likewise, Whedon and other former Buffy writers have released a new ongoing Buffy which takes place after the series finale "Chosen", which he officially recognizes as the canonical "Season 8". The first issue was released on March 14, 2007 by Dark Horse Comics. Following the success of issue one of Buffy season eight, IDW Publishing approached Whedon about similarly producing a canonical Angel Season 6.[26] Angel: After the Fall has 14 issues published as of November 19, 2008 with 3 more to come following the adventures of Angel and his team after the TV series ended, where the title of the series will then change to Angel: Aftermath.[27] Although Whedon has not had the time to write the series, he has served as executive producer with Brian Lynch, writing the season 6 story.[28]

Whedon wrote Astonishing X-Men in Marvel Comics' popular line of comics about the X-Men but finished his 24 issue run in 2008 and handed over the writing reins to Warren Ellis. The title, recreated specifically for Whedon, has been one of Marvel's best-selling comics as of 2006 and was nominated for several Eisner Awards including Best Serialized Story, Best Continuing Series, Best New Series and Best Writer, winning the Best Continuing Series award in 2006. One storyline from this comic, the notion of a cure for mutation being found, was also an element in the third X-Men film, X-Men: The Last Stand. Whedon also introduced several new characters into the Marvel Universe such as the villainous Ord, X-Men Ruth "Blindfold" Aldine and Hisako "Armor" Ichiki, Runaway Klara Prast and Special Agent Abigail Brand, along with S.W.O.R.D., the organization she commands.

Whedon is the second writer of the critically acclaimed and fan-favorite Marvel comic Runaways, taking over after series creator Brian K. Vaughan completed his run.[29] Whedon had been a fan of the series for some time, and had a letter published in the first volume, which was included in the Volume 1 hardcover.

Whedon's other comic-related work includes writing the introduction to Identity Crisis trade paperback and a contribution to the "jam issue" Superman/Batman #26 (to date his only published work for DC Comics), writing short pieces for Marvel's Stan Lee Meets Spider-Man and Giant-Size X-Men #3 and also being the subject of an issue of Marvel Spotlight (alongside artist Michael Lark). He contributed as part of a panel of writers to Marvel Comics' Civil War crossover event, lending advice in how to tell the story and how to end it.

In February 2009, Astonishing X-Men #6, which depicted the return of Colossus to the title, and concluded Whedon's first story arc on that title, was named by Marvel Comics readers the #65 in Marvel's Top 70 Comics of all time.[30]

Online media

In 2005 he released a series of online shorts titled the R. Tam sessions, starring himself and Summer Glau, which served as a form of viral marketing for Serenity. In 2007, he launched a free webcomic, titled Sugarshock! hosted on Dark Horse comic's Myspace page.[31]

In March 2008, Whedon teamed up with his brothers Zack Whedon and Jed Whedon, along with Jed's then-fiancée Maurissa Tancharoen to write, compose and produce the musical superhero spoof, Dr. Horrible's Sing-Along Blog. The musical stars Neil Patrick Harris, Nathan Fillion and Felicia Day. Whedon conceived of Dr. Horrible over the year before and production took place over seven days during the Writers Guild strike. The project was freely available online from July 15 until July 20. In August, Whedon released a new Serenity/Firefly comic free online Serenity: The Other Half.[32] In September, Dr. Horrible's Sing-Along Blog Soundtrack, made the top 40 Album list despite being a digital exclusive only available on iTunes.[33] The Soundtrack was successful enough to pay its crew and all its bills.[34]

In February 2009, he stated that after his series Dollhouse is over, whether by cancellation or reaching its end, that he plans on putting his efforts purely into on-line content like Dr. Horrible.[35] In the Dr. Horrible bonus feature Commentary! The Musical!, Joss sings the song "Heart (Broken)" about the crippling scrutiny and commercialisation of producing fiction for a modern consumer audience.

Unrealized projects

Whedon had a number of planned television projects that have become stuck in development or terminally stalled. Among these was a Buffy animated series, a set of made-for-television movies for The WB based on Angel and Buffy characters, and Ripper, a proposed BBC pilot about Rupert Giles. Ripper was announced to be in development at the San Diego Comic-Con 2007. The development process was set to begin in 2008 and Ripper to be shown that summer.[36]

Early in his career Whedon sold two spec scripts that have not yet been produced, Suspension and Afterlife. He sold Suspension for $750,000 with an additional $250,000 if production commences.[37] It has been described as "Die Hard on a bridge." A year later in 1994 he sold Afterlife for $1.5 million a with an additional $500,000 if production commences. As of 2000 Andy Tennant was in talks to direct and rewrite.[38] In Afterlife are precursors to many of the themes Whedon would later explore in Dollhouse. The script is about Daniel Hoffstetter, a government scientist, who awakes after dying to discover his mind has been imprinted on a mind-wiped body.[39]

Whedon had been signed to write and direct Warner Bros.' adaptation of Wonder Woman but on February 3, 2007, Whedon announced that he would no longer be involved with the project. "We just saw different movies, and at the price range this kind of movie hangs in, that's never gonna work. Non-sympatico. It happens all the time."[40]

Late in 2009, Whedon made a humorous bid of $10,000 for control of future Terminator material.[41] He was rebuffed at that time and it is not known if he has plans to attempt this again.

Common themes and motifs in Whedon's works

Feminism

Whedon identifies himself as a feminist, and feminist themes are common in his work. For his part, Whedon credits his mother, Lee Stearns, as the inspiration for his feminist worldview. When Roseanne Barr asked him how he could write so well for women, he replied, "If you met my mom, you wouldn't ask."[42]

The character Kitty Pryde from the X-Men comics was an early model for Whedon's strong teenage girl characters: "If there's a bigger influence on Buffy than Kitty, I don’t know what it was. She was an adolescent girl finding out she has great power and dealing with it."[43] Kitty Pryde was one of the main characters in Whedon's run on Astonishing X-Men.

Whedon was honored at an Equality Now benefit in 2006: "Honoring Men on the Front Lines",[44] and his fans raised a considerable amount of money in support of the organization.[45]

Mind control

Whedon has repeatedly dramatized issues concerning mind control, DID/MPD, and human programming. Along with several episodes of Buffy and Angel, the entire "River Tam" subplot of Firefly was about this issue, as is the series Dollhouse. It is unknown why Whedon keeps returning to this issue in his work, but it is clearly a recurring theme.[46]

Dialogue

The dialogue in Joss Whedon's shows and movies usually involves pop culture references both notable and obscure, and the turning of nouns into adjectives by adding a "y" at the end of the word ("listy"). According to one of the Buffy writers, "It's just the way that Joss actually talks."[47]

Whedon also heavily favors the suffix -age (Linkage, Lurkage, Poofage, Postage, Scrollage, Slayage).[48] Also, phrasal verbs usually ending with "out" are changed into direct verbs, for example "freak" rather than "freak out", "bail" rather than "bail out", or "hang" rather than "hang out". Whedon also tends to change adjectives into nouns such as "happy", "shiny" (positive thing), "bad" (mistake), "funny" (joke) – for example, a character may say "I made a funny" instead of "I made a joke". Another common phrase used in most of Whedon's shows is "safe as houses." So many of Whedon's altered usages, new words, and heavily popularized words have entered the common usage that PBS in their article series "Do You Speak American" included an entire section on "Slayer Slang".[49]

Spiritual and philosophical beliefs

Whedon has identified himself as an atheist on multiple occasions. When interviewed by The AV Club on October 9, 2002, Whedon answered the question "Is there a God?" with one word: "No." The interviewer followed up with: "That's it, end of story, no?" Whedon answered: "Absolutely not. That's a very important and necessary thing to learn."[50] In one of the Buffy DVD commentaries, Whedon comments that "I don't believe in the 'sky bully'", referring to God.[51] In addition, during a question and answer session found on the Serenity DVD with fans of the Firefly series at Fox Studios in Sydney, he identifies himself as an atheist and absurdist.

Whedon has also spoken about existentialism. On the Firefly DVD set, Whedon explains in detail how existentialism, and more specifically the book Nausea, by Jean-Paul Sartre, was used as a basis for the episode "Objects in Space".[52] On this commentary he claimed interest in existential ideas and described the impact of Nausea on his early life.

Whedon also identifies himself as a humanist. In April 2009, the Humanist Chaplaincy at Harvard presented Whedon with the 2009 Outstanding Lifetime Achievement Award in Cultural Humanism.[53]

Frequent casting

Whedon often casts certain actors and actresses in more than one of his projects.

Actor / Actress Buffy the Vampire Slayer (1997–2003) Angel (1999–2004) Firefly (2002) Serenity (2005) Dr. Horrible's Sing-Along Blog (2008) Dollhouse (2009–2010) The Cabin in the Woods (2011) The Avengers (2012)
Amy Acker YesY YesY YesY
Adam Baldwin YesY YesY YesY
Felicia Day YesY YesY YesY
Alexis Denisof YesY YesY YesY
Eliza Dushku YesY YesY YesY
Nathan Fillion YesY YesY YesY YesY
Summer Glau YesY YesY YesY YesY
Chris Hemsworth YesY YesY
Christina Hendricks YesY YesY
Carlos Jacott YesY YesY YesY
Fran Kranz YesY YesY
Tom Lenk YesY YesY YesY
Kal Penn YesY YesY
Jeremy Renner YesY YesY
Mark Sheppard YesY YesY
Gina Torres YesY YesY YesY
Alan Tudyk YesY YesY YesY
Andy Umberger YesY YesY YesY
Jonathan M. Woodward YesY YesY YesY

Filmography

Television

Web

Awards

Awards won

Nebula Awards:

Hugo Awards:

Emmy Awards:

Eisner Awards:

Prometheus Award:

Humanist Chaplaincy at Harvard:

Streamy Awards:

Awards nominated

Academy Awards:

Emmy Awards:

Hugo Awards:

Nebula Awards:

Saturn Awards:

References

  1. ↑ "Musical CD Details". BBC. http://www.bbc.co.uk/cult/buffy/news/archive/02081902.shtml. Retrieved 2007-01-29. 
  2. ↑ "Hang on in there". London: Timesonline. 2005-08-14. http://www.timesonline.co.uk/newspaper/0,,2774-1729034,00.html. Retrieved 2006-11-28. 
  3. ↑ *"Joss Whedon: A to Z". http://www.wizarduniverse.com/magazine/wizard/004080455.cfm. Retrieved May 5, 2007. 
  4. ↑ "YouTube — Joss Whedon Serenity Intro". Uk.youtube.com. 2007-02-01. http://uk.youtube.com/watch?v=BxJqdGEdsjY. Retrieved 2010-06-16. 
  5. ↑ "Joss Whedon – Biography". IMDB. http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0923736/bio. Retrieved 2008-08-01. 
  6. ↑ Joss Whedon Biography (1964?-) filmreference.com
  7. ↑ Must-See Metaphysics New York Times, p.2, 22 September 2002
  8. ↑ Rochell D. Thomas. "Is Dollhouse a family affair?" TV Guide March 16, 2009; Page19
  9. ↑ Maria Elena Fernandez (2008-05-15). "Q & A with Joss Whedon, writer, producer and director". Los Angeles Times. http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/news/la-et-jossweb15-2008may15,0,7939261.story. Retrieved 2008-05-17. 
  10. ↑ FOX (2008-11-06). "Jab & Feb Premiere Dates". Fox. http://www.fox.com/futurefox/blogs/. Retrieved 2008-11-26. 
  11. ↑ "Joss Whedon to Direct Another Episode of The Office.". http://ifmagazine.com/new.asp?article=4720. Retrieved July 17, 2007. 
  12. ↑ Ausiello, Michael (2009-10-19). "'Glee' exclusive: Joss Whedon to direct!". EW.com. http://ausiellofiles.ew.com/2009/10/19/glee-exclusive-joss-whedon-to-direct/. Retrieved 2009-10-19. 
  13. ↑ Interview for SFX magazine
  14. ↑ "In Focus | August/September 2005 | Serenity Now! Uncut". Natoonline.org. http://www.natoonline.org/infocus/05augustseptember/whedonuncut.htm. Retrieved 2008-10-20. 
  15. ↑ "Joss Whedon – Web Exclusive | The A.V. Club". Avclub.com. http://avclub.com/content/node/24240. Retrieved 2008-10-20. 
  16. ↑ "Can't Stop The Serenity". http://www.cantstoptheserenity.com/. 
  17. ↑ "Can't Stop The Serenity – past events". http://www.cantstoptheserenity.com/about-csts/events/. 
  18. ↑ "Can’t Stop the Serenity". www.cantstoptheserenity.com. http://www.cantstoptheserenity.com/. Retrieved 2009-05-03. 
  19. ↑ Travis Fickett. "IGN: SDCC 07: Joss Whedon Heads To The ''Cabin in the Woods''". Movies.ign.com. http://movies.ign.com/articles/808/808994p1.html. Retrieved 2008-10-20. 
  20. ↑ "the Write Environment". the Write Environment. 1997-07-26. http://www.thewriteenvironment.com/index2.html. Retrieved 2010-06-16. 
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 Silas Lesnick (April 17, 2010). "Stan Lee and Avi Arad on Marvel Movies". Superhero Hype!. http://www.superherohype.com/news/featuresnews.php?id=9294. Retrieved April 19, 2010. 
  22. ↑ "Buffy the Vampire Slayer Season 8: #16 Time of your Life". http://www.darkhorse.com/Comics/14-833/Buffy-the-Vampire-Slayer-Season-8-16-Time-of-Your-Life. Retrieved 2008-08-22. 
  23. ↑ "Ron Glass announces “A Shepherd’s Tale” comic, reveals (some) secrets". Serenitystuff.org – News blog. December 12, 2007. http://www.serenitystuff.com/2007/12/12/ron-glass-announces-a-shepherds-tale-comic/. Retrieved April 13, 2008. 
  24. ↑ Allie, Scott (March 2008). Transmissions from the Cortex. In Whedon, Joss & Matthews, Brett, Serenity: Better Days #1. Milwaukie: Dark Horse Comics.
  25. ↑ Allie, Scott. Interview with Ullrich, Chris. Interview: Scott Allie on Shepherd Book's 'Serenity' Spin-Off and 'Solomon Kane' (Transcript). ComicMix.com. June 13, 2008. Retrieved on August 12, 2008.
  26. ↑ DiLullo, Tara, "Pieces of Eight", from The Official Buffy & Angel Magazine #93 (UK, April/May 2007), page 23-24.
  27. ↑ "Kelley Armstrong – "Angel : Aftermath" Comic Book – Q&A". Whedon.info. http://www.whedon.info/Kelley-Armstrong-Angel-Aftermath.html. Retrieved 2010-06-16. 
  28. ↑ "Sdcc '07: brian lynch on angel: after the fall". Newsarama.com. http://forum.newsarama.com/showthread.php?t=123012. Retrieved 2007-07-30. 
  29. ↑ "Joss Whedon To Take Over Runaways". Marvel.com. 2006-09-19. http://marvel.com/news/comicstories.628. 
  30. ↑ "Marvel Top 70 Comics Countdown". Marvel.com. 2009-02-25. http://marvel.com/seventy_years/countdown/winners/comics/rank/65. 
  31. ↑ "MySpace.com – MySpace Dark Horse Presents Free Online Comics & Comic Books on MySpace". Myspace.com. http://www.myspace.com/darkhorsepresents. Retrieved 2008-10-20. 
  32. ↑ "Serenity: The Other Half on Dark Horse comic's Myspace page". Myspace.com. http://www.myspace.com/darkhorsepresents?issuenum=13&storynum=1. Retrieved 2010-06-16. 
  33. ↑ Up for Discussion Jump to Forums. "Dr. Horrible's Sing-Along Blog Soundtrack makes top 40 Album list despite being a digital exclusive only available on iTunes". Billboard.com. http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/news/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003848166. Retrieved 2010-06-16. 
  34. ↑ whedonesque.com November 29, 2008
  35. ↑ "Slice of SciFi #201: Interview With Gord McWatters". Sliceofscifi.com. 2009-02-21. http://www.sliceofscifi.com/2009/02/21/slice-of-scifi-201/. Retrieved 2010-06-16. 
  36. ↑ IGN Staff. "IGN: SDCC 07: Whedon Says Buffy Spinoff Ripper Still Planned". Tv.ign.com. http://tv.ign.com/articles/808/808993p1.html. Retrieved 2008-10-20. 
  37. ↑ John Brodie (1993-06-25). "'Suspension' toll: $ 1 mil from Largo". Variety. http://www.variety.com/article/VR108182.html?categoryid=13&cs=1. Retrieved 2009-12-15. 
  38. ↑ Claude Brodesser and Paul F. Duke (2000-03-14). "Helmer Tennant believes in an 'Afterlife' with Sony". Variety. http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117779442.html?categoryid=13&cs=1. Retrieved 2009-12-15. 
  39. ↑ Lauren Davis (2009-10-05). "The Mind-Transplant Script Whedon Wrote Before Dollhouse". io9.com. http://io9.com/5374621/the-mind+transplant-script-whedon-wrote-before-dollhouse. Retrieved 2009-12-15. 
  40. ↑ "Whedonesque : Comments on 12385 : SATIN TIGHTS NO LONGER". Whedonesque.com. http://whedonesque.com/comments/12385#more. Retrieved 2008-10-20. 
  41. ↑ "Buffy The Vampire Slayer – Whedon Offers $10,000 For Terminator Franchise – Contactmusic News". Contactmusic.com. http://www.contactmusic.com/news.nsf/story/whedon-offers-10000-for-terminator-franchise_1121025. Retrieved 2010-06-16. 
  42. ↑ "The ladies' man – TV & Radio – Entertainment – theage.com.au". Melbourne: Theage.com.au. 2005-09-25. http://theage.com.au/articles/2005/09/22/1126982178268.html. Retrieved 2008-10-20. 
  43. ↑ "Joss Whedon Goes Back To The Drawing Board". Whedon.info. http://www.whedon.info/article.php3?id_article=4851. Retrieved 2008-10-20. 
  44. ↑ "Joss Whedon Speaks on Strong Women Characters". YouTube.com. 2006. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cYaczoJMRhs. Retrieved 2009-07-24. 
  45. ↑ "Serenity". Equalitynow.org. http://www.equalitynow.org/english/events/serenity/serenity_en.html. Retrieved 2008-10-20. 
  46. ↑ "On Shows created by Joss Whedon – whedon.info -retrieved 2009-11-20". whedon.info. http://www.whedon.info/On-shows-created-by-Joss-Whedon.html. Retrieved 2010-06-16. 
  47. ↑ Buffy Season 4 DVD Commentary, Season 3 DVD featurette.
  48. ↑ "Whedonage.com". http://www.whedonage.com. 
  49. ↑ "Do You Speak American . Words That Shouldn't Be? . Sez Who? . Buffy | PBS". Pbs.org. http://www.pbs.org/speak/words/sezwho/buffy/. Retrieved 2008-10-20. 
  50. ↑ Thompson, Stephen (2002-10-09). "Is There A God?". Avclub.com. http://www.avclub.com/content/node/24569. Retrieved 2010-06-16. 
  51. ↑ Buffy the Vampire Slayer DVD series, episode 5.16 (The Body), commentary by Whedon.
  52. ↑ Firefly DVD series, episode 14 (Objects in Space), commentary by Whedon.
  53. ↑ 53.0 53.1 "2009 Cultural Humanism Awardee: Joss Whedon". HarvardHumanist.org. 2009-02-09. http://www.harvardhumanist.org/news/2009/02/09/joss-whedon-2009-cultural-humanism-award-winner. Retrieved 2009-02-17. 
  54. ↑ "Joss Whedon Interview – GLEE – Dream On". Are you screening? 2010-05-18. Retrieved 2010-05-19.
  55. ↑ "2009 Hugo Award Winners". The Hugo Awards. http://www.thehugoawards.org/2009/08/2009-hugo-award-winners/. Retrieved 2010-06-16. 
  56. ↑ "Primetime Emmy® Award Database". Emmys.com. http://www.emmys.com/award_history_search?person=joss+whedon&program=&start_year=2009&end_year=2009&network=All&web_category=All&winner=All. Retrieved 2010-06-16. 
  57. ↑ 57.0 57.1 "The Streamy Awards: A Night Full of Winners". Tubefilter. 2009-03-29. http://news.tubefilter.tv/2009/03/29/the-streamy-awards-a-night-full-of-winners/. Retrieved 2009-03-30. 
  58. ↑ "2009 Hugo Award Nominations". thehugoawards.com. thehugoawards.com. 2009-03-20. http://www.thehugoawards.org/?p=260. Retrieved 2009-03-20. 

External links

Preceded by
none		 Astonishing X-Men writer
2004–		 Succeeded by
Warren Ellis
Preceded by
None		 Buffy the Vampire Slayer Season Eight writer
2007		 Succeeded by
Brian K. Vaughan
Preceded by
Brian K. Vaughan		 Buffy the Vampire Slayer Season Eight writer
2007–2008		 Succeeded by
Drew Goddard
Preceded by
Jane Espenson		 Buffy the Vampire Slayer Season Eight writer
2008–		 Succeeded by
Brad Meltzer
Preceded by
Brian K. Vaughan		 Runaways writer
2007–2008		 Succeeded by
Terry Moore